Menene fata na PU?Da Tarihin Ci gaba

PU ita ce gajarta ta Ingilishi poly urethane, sunan sinadari na Sinanci "polyurethane". PU fata shine fata na abubuwan haɗin polyurethane. An yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin kaya, tufafi, takalma, motoci da kayan ado.

Pu fata wani nau'in fata ne na roba, abun da ke ciki ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu zuwa:
1. Substrate: Kullum amfani da zane-zane na fiber, fim din fiber da sauran kayan aiki a matsayin kayan aiki na asali don inganta ƙarfin da ƙarfin Pu fata.
2. Emulsion: Zaɓin emulsion na roba na roba ko emulsion na halitta a matsayin kayan shafa zai iya inganta launi da laushi na fata na Pu.
3. Additives: ciki har da plasticizers, garwayayye, kaushi, ultraviolet absorbers, da dai sauransu, wadannan Additives iya inganta ƙarfi, karko, ruwa juriya, gurbatawa juriya da UV juriya na Pu fata.
4. Astringent kafofin watsa labarai: Astringent kafofin watsa labarai gabaɗaya acidifier ne, ana amfani dashi don sarrafa ƙimar pH na fata na Pu, don sauƙaƙe haɗuwa da sutura da substrate, don haka fata Pu ta sami kyakkyawan bayyanar da rayuwa.
Abubuwan da ke sama sune manyan abubuwan haɗin fata na Pu, idan aka kwatanta da fata na halitta, fata na Pu na iya zama mafi nauyi, mai hana ruwa kuma in mun gwada da arha, amma rubutu, haɓakawa da sauran abubuwan sun ɗan yi ƙasa da fata na halitta.

A kasar Sin, ana amfani da mutane don yin amfani da resin PU a matsayin albarkatun kasa don samar da fata na wucin gadi da ake kira PU fata na wucin gadi (wanda ake kira PU fata); Fata na wucin gadi da aka samar tare da resin PU da masana'anta mara saƙa kamar yadda albarkatun ƙasa ana kiransa fata na roba PU (wanda ake nufi da fata na roba). Ya zama al'ada a ambaci nau'ikan fata guda uku na sama a matsayin fata na roba. Yaya kuke suna? Yana buƙatar a haɗa kai kuma a daidaita shi don ba shi suna mafi dacewa.
Fata na wucin gadi da na roba wani muhimmin bangare ne na masana'antar robobi kuma ana amfani da su sosai a masana'antu daban-daban na tattalin arzikin kasa. Fatar wucin gadi, samar da fata ta roba a duniya tana da tarihin raya kasa sama da shekaru 60, kasar Sin ta fara kera da samar da fata na wucin gadi tun daga shekarar 1958, wannan shi ne karo na farko da aka samu ci gaba a masana'antar roba ta kasar Sin. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, bunkasuwar sana'ar fata ta wucin gadi da ta roba ta kasar Sin, ba wai kawai ci gaban layukan samar da kayan aiki na masana'antun kera ba ne, da karuwar yawan kayayyakin da ake fitarwa a kowace shekara, nau'o'in nau'o'in nau'o'in fata da launin fata suna karuwa a kowace shekara, har ma da ci gaban masana'antu. Ƙungiyar masana'anta na kanta, akwai haɗin kai mai yawa, wanda zai iya haɗa masana'antun fata na wucin gadi da na roba na kasar Sin, ciki har da masana'antu masu dangantaka da aka tsara tare. An haɓaka cikin masana'antu tare da ƙarfi mai yawa.
Biyo bayan fata na wucin gadi na PVC, fata na roba na PU bayan shekaru sama da 30 na sadaukar da kai da ci gaban masana kimiyya da fasaha, a matsayin madaidaicin madaidaicin fata na halitta, ya sami ci gaba a fannin fasaha.
PU mai rufi a saman masana'anta ya fara bayyana a kasuwa a cikin 1950s, kuma a cikin 1964, kamfanin DuPont na Amurka ya haɓaka fata na roba na PU na sama. Bayan da kamfanin Jafananci ya kafa saitin layukan samarwa tare da fitarwa na shekara-shekara na murabba'in murabba'in 600,000, bayan sama da shekaru 20 na ci gaba da bincike da haɓaka, PU roba fata yana haɓaka cikin sauri cikin inganci, iri, ko fitarwa. Ayyukansa yana ƙara kusantar fata na halitta, kuma wasu kaddarorin ma sun zarce fata na halitta, suna kaiwa matakin gaskiya da ƙarya tare da fata na halitta, suna da matsayi mai mahimmanci a rayuwar yau da kullum na ɗan adam.
A yau, Japan ita ce mafi girma wajen samar da fata na roba, kuma samfuran kamfanoni da yawa kamar Coroli, Teijin, Toray, da Bell Textile suna wakiltar matakin ci gaban ƙasa da ƙasa a cikin 1990s. Fiber da masana'anta da ba saƙa da masana'anta suna haɓaka zuwa ultra-lafiya, babban yawa kuma babban sakamako mara saƙa. Its PU masana'antu zuwa ga shugabanci na PU watsawa, PU ruwa emulsion, samfurin aikace-aikace filin ci gaba da fadada, daga farkon takalma, jaka zuwa tufafi, ball, ado da sauran musamman aikace-aikace filayen, a ko'ina cikin dukan al'amurran da mutane Daily rayuwa.

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Fata na wucin gadi

Fata na wucin gadi shine farkon ƙirƙira don maye gurbin masana'anta na fata, an yi shi da PVC da filastik da sauran abubuwan da aka yi birgima a kan zane, fa'idar yana da arha, launi mai laushi, nau'ikan alamu iri-iri, rashin amfani yana da sauƙin taurare, gatsewa. Ana amfani da fata na roba na PU don maye gurbin fata na wucin gadi na PVC, farashin sa ya fi PVC fata na wucin gadi. Daga tsarin sinadarai, yana kusa da masana'anta na fata, ba ya amfani da filastik don cimma kyawawan kaddarorin, don haka ba zai zama mai wuya ba, gaggautsa, kuma yana da fa'idodi na launi mai laushi, nau'ikan nau'ikan alamu, kuma farashin shine mai rahusa fiye da masana'anta na fata, don haka ana maraba da masu amfani.
Akwai wani nau'in fata na PU, gabaɗaya gefen gaba shine Layer na biyu na fata, wanda aka lulluɓe da Layer na resin PU a saman, don haka ana kiranta fata na fim. Farashin sa yana da arha kuma ƙimar amfani yana da yawa. Tare da canjin tsarin kuma ana sanya nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan da aka shigo da su daga kasashen waje, saboda tsari na musamman, ingantaccen inganci, nau'ikan novel da sauran halaye, ga fata mai daraja, farashi da daraja ba su da. kasa da farkon Layer na fata. PU fata da jakunkuna na fata na gaske suna da halaye na kansu, PU fata jakunkuna suna da kyau, mai sauƙin kulawa, ƙananan farashi, amma ba lalacewa ba, mai sauƙin karya; Fata na gaske yana da tsada kuma yana da wahala don kulawa, amma mai dorewa.
Fatar fata da PVC wucin gadi fata, pu roba fata tare da hanyoyi guda biyu don rarrabewa: na farko, matakin laushi na fata, fata yana da taushi sosai, pu yana da wuyar gaske, don haka yawancin pu ana amfani dashi a cikin takalma na fata; Na biyu shine a yi amfani da hanyar konewa da narkewa don bambancewa, hanyar ita ce a ɗauki ɗan ƙaramin yadudduka akan wuta, ƙirar fata ba za ta narke ba, kuma PVC roba fata, PU roba fata za su narke.
Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin fata na wucin gadi na PVC da fata na roba na PU za a iya bambanta ta hanyar hanyar jiƙa a cikin man fetur, hanyar ita ce amfani da ɗan ƙaramin yadudduka, a saka shi a cikin man fetur na tsawon rabin sa'a, sannan a fitar da shi, idan ya kasance. Fatar wucin gadi ta PVC, za ta zama tauri da karye, idan ta PU roba fata ne, ba za ta yi wuya ba.

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Fata na halitta saboda kyawawan halaye na dabi'a ana amfani da su sosai wajen samar da kayan yau da kullun da samfuran masana'antu, amma tare da haɓakar yawan jama'ar duniya, buƙatun ɗan adam na fata ya ninka, ƙayyadadden adadin fata na halitta ya daɗe ya kasa biyan bukatun mutane. . Domin warware wannan sabani, masana kimiyya sun fara bincike tare da samar da fata na wucin gadi da na roba shekaru da yawa da suka gabata don gyara rashin fata na halitta. Tsarin tarihi na fiye da shekaru 50 na bincike shine tsarin fata na wucin gadi da fata na roba da ke ƙalubalantar fata na halitta.
Masana kimiyya sun fara ne da nazari da kuma nazarin tsarin sinadarai da tsarin tsari na fata na halitta, farawa da nitrocellulose linoleum, da shigar da fata na wucin gadi na PVC, wanda shine ƙarni na farko na fata na wucin gadi. A kan wannan, masana kimiyya sun yi gyare-gyare da yawa da bincike, da farko, inganta kayan aiki, sa'an nan kuma gyare-gyare da inganta resin rufi. A cikin shekarun 1970s, masana'anta na fiber na roba ba a saka ba suna buƙatar shiga cikin raga, haɗawa cikin raga da sauran matakai, don haka tushen kayan yana da sashe mai kama, fiber mara ƙarfi, don cimma tsarin porous, da biyan buƙatun tsarin hanyar sadarwa. fata na halitta; A wancan lokacin, saman Layer na roba fata ya sami damar cimma wani micro-porous polyurethane Layer, wanda yake daidai da ƙwayar hatsi na fata na halitta, don haka bayyanar da tsarin ciki na PU roba fata ya kasance a hankali kusa da na halitta. fata, sauran kaddarorin jiki suna kusa da index na fata na halitta, kuma launi ya fi haske fiye da fata na halitta; Juriya na nadawa a dakin da zafin jiki ya kai fiye da sau miliyan 1, kuma juriya na nadawa a ƙananan zafin jiki na iya isa matakin fata na halitta.

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Bayyanar microfiber PU roba fata shine ƙarni na uku na fata na wucin gadi. Kayan da ba a saka ba na hanyar sadarwar tsarin sa mai girma uku yana haifar da yanayi don fata na roba don kama fata na halitta dangane da substrate. Wannan samfurin, haɗe tare da sabon haɓakar PU slurry impregnation tare da buɗewar tsarin tantanin halitta da fasahar sarrafa kayan masarufi, yana aiwatar da babban yanki mai ƙarfi da ɗaukar ruwa mai ƙarfi na microfiber, yana sa fata mai laushi ta PU ta roba tana da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano. halaye na halitta fata na dam na matsananci-lafiya collagen fiber, sabõda haka, ko da daga ciki microstructure, Ko bayyanar da rubutu da kuma jiki halaye da mutane sa ta'aziyya, na iya zama m zuwa high-sa halitta fata. Bugu da kari, microfiber roba fata ya zarce fata na halitta a cikin juriya na sinadarai, daidaiton inganci, babban samarwa da daidaitawa da sarrafa shi, mai hana ruwa, rigakafin mildew da sauran fannoni.

Al'ada ta tabbatar da cewa ba za a iya maye gurbin kyawawan kaddarorin fata na roba ba da fata na halitta, daga nazarin kasuwannin cikin gida da na waje, fata na roba ya maye gurbin adadi mai yawa na fata da rashin wadataccen albarkatu. Yin amfani da fata na wucin gadi da fata na roba don yin jaka, tufafi, takalma, motoci da kayan ado na kayan aiki, kasuwa ya sami karuwa sosai, yawancin aikace-aikacensa, yawan manyan nau'o'in iri-iri, shine fata na gargajiya na gargajiya ba zai iya ba. hadu.

 

Kayan Fata Na Gaskiya Don Yin Jakar Takalmi
Microfiber Bonded Real Fata
Kayan Aikin Ruwa na Ruwa
Rubutun Fata Fabric

Lokacin aikawa: Maris 29-2024